Court of assizes is a commune of 26.196 inhabitants of the province of Perugia. It is known to be the town in which was born, lived and San died Francesco of assisi.

Story

Numerous you archeological they indicate that Court of assizes you draw his origin from a small inhabited village from the Umbrian already in the period Villanoviano (IX - VIII century a.C.). The town is developed to back of the self-possessed territories from the Etruscans, and orbited under their one to be able until 295 to. C. when, with the battle of Sentino, the Roman imposero the their dominion also in the central Italy. For Asisium (so it was called from the Romen) it was a prosperous period: raised to Municipium became an important economical and social center of the Roman empire.

With the sudden fall of the empire of Rome also Court of assizes conobbe the dark age of the barbaric invasions and, in 545, was plundered from the Cheeks of Totila. Gained from the Byzantine it passed, little time after, under the dominion longobardo becoming, in the XI century, I liberate Common. After a period of wars, in 1174 was besieged and gained from Federico Barbarossa that gave the investiture of the town to the duke Corrado of Lutzen, said also Corrado of Urslingen. Little years after, between 1181 and 1182, is born to Court of assizes Francesco, son of Pietro of Bernardone and Madonna Pica, the Holy future that, with its work, will mark the story of the place and of the humanity.

In 1198 the people of Court of assizes, I get tired some abuses of power of the duke of Lutzen, rebeled, scacciandolo from the town. Subsequently the town passed under the dominion of the Church, of the Perugini, of Giangaleazzo Viscounts, of the Montefeltro, of Arm Fortebraccio from Ram, passing, finally, under the control of Francesco Forces.

Deeply marked from the internal struggles that they saw always in contrast the Nepis (Part says Above) and the Rivers (Part says Under), Court of assizes venne stable assigned to the Church to the time of pope Paolo III in the XVI century. In 1860, with unanimous plebiscite, it adhered to the being born Been Italian.

Important shows

Calendimaggio; Thursday, Friday and Saturday of the first week of May

Monuments and places of art to visit

Basilica of San Saint of Basilica Francesco Clear Square of the Commune with the Palace of the Podestà and the
Tower of the People Palace of the Town Library Museum of the Roman Hole Art Gallery town Temple of Minerva THE
AMPHITHEATER and the greater Fortress THE RETREAT of the prisons on the mountain Subasio Church of San Damiano
Basilica of Holy Maria of the Angels with the Porziuncola Church of Rivotorto

Bethlehem (Cisjordan) San Francisco (USA) Fractions

Armenzano, Capodacqua, Castelnuovo, Costs of Trex, Necks of the Forks, Retreat of the Prisons, Morra, Palace, Paradise, Passage of assisi, Petrignano of assisi, Pieve San Nicolò, Porziano, Rivotorto, Fortress San Angelo, San Damiano, San Gregorio, Holy Maria of the Angels, Holy Maria Lignano, Vital San, Sterpeto, Torchiagina, Tordandrea, Tordibetto


Sport

14 May 2000 the 2^ stage of the Turn of Italy 1995, an individual cronometro, has concluded to Court of assizes with the victory of the swiss Tony Rominger Francesco of assisi, Holy Patron of Italy

The father of Francesco was a wealthy merchant of woven of Court of assizes. The youth of Francesco was dedicated to the enterprises cavalleresche and to the courteous limbs. In 1202, during a war with the close Perugia, it was done captured and held in prison for beyond a year. Its anxiety of adventure and freedom carried it in 1205 to participate the pontifical militia. Actual in that year, in the course of a serious illness, in the crowds of Spoleto ebbe a sight. This event changed radically its life. Ristabilitosi from the illness, returned to Court of assizes and, from 1206, it is dedicated to the service of God, in the series of Christ, across the service of the poor, living like poor he same. Well-known it is its public renunciation, in the square of Court of assizes, to all of the assets of the rich father. The life of poverty, prayer and preaching the much procurò benevolence between the humble and, quite soon, began to flow the first disciples (Bernardo of Quintavalle, Pietro Cattani, Egidio d'Assisi,...). Between 1213 and 1219 Francesco it is dedicated to the preaching to the distant: it carried out a journey in Spain for the evangelizzazione of the Dark. An illness compelled to return it in Italy in 1215, from which left again in 1217 to the time of the France and of here in Egypt where reached the cross-shaped army and tried to convert the sultan. From 1220 it begins for Francesco a phase more ascetica and contemplative, while the Franciscan motion is extended in all Europe. In the night of the saint Christmas one of 1223, Francesco realizes the first Crib, the representation of the nativity of Christ, in the forest of Greccio. In 1224, during a withdrawal of prayer to the Verna, Francesco receives the stigmata. In the its meanwhile health it worsens rapidly. Little before the death, happened in 1226, Francesco goddess, between the sufferings the famous canticle of the sun. Francesco comes proclaimed holy in 1228, two alone years after its death, from Pope Gregorio IX. Some monuments

TEMPLE OF MINERVA The temple goes back to the slow period repubblican, that is to say to the THE sec. to. Christ. It was raised from the quatuorviri Gneo Cesio and Tito Cesio Prisco to them expenditures, but likely was not dedicated to Minerva, how it is thought later on to the finding of a feminine statue, but to Ercole, of whom has found a votive tombstone. The facade surprisingly quite is preserved, still in the original state, with the its you are columns grooved, with capitals corinzi, that lean over the plinti that, for scarcity of space, are placed on the staircase that itself presentation in the pronao. In 1539 in its cell to rectangular plant, it is built the church of S. Maria above Minerva, further changed in baroque style in the XVII century.

PALACE OF THE CAPTAIN AND OF THE PEOPLE Built between 1212 and 1305, is the first public palace that it is installed in the square of the Commune, to back of the temple. In its facade I am murati the measures for the silk, the linen and the wool, but also the outlines of the brick and of the tiles for l 'building. In the first square of the cycle of S. Francesco in the superior church is noted that the Tower of the People is lacking still of its terminal part, ended alone in 1305. An I restore of 1927 rather offsetted l 'original appearance of the palace.



CHURCH OF S. GREATER MARIA The church, originally been based on in the X century, until 1036 was the cathedral of Court of assizes, transferred in that year to S. Rufino. The present building goes back to the XII century. The simple facade, that brings an enrolment of 1163, is subdivided in three distributions from lesene. The inside to three naves preserve in the nave, in the semicircular abside and in the restive vestry of you fresco some XIV and XV century. to the right of the entrance, a sarcophagus tardomedievale of the IX century. From the it encrypts (of the previous church) a passage leads in the so-called House of Properzio, where in a criptoportico have preserved mural paintings in 4. Style Pompeiano. Dall' adjacent garden the restive of the Roman city wall see themselves, in blocks some Subasio you press on, superimposed from the medieval one. Although the transfer of the cathedral, the Bishop's Palace, to the right of the church, where S. Francesco renounced.

THE GREATER FORTRESS Documented for the first time in 1174, the Fortress had been built like feudal castle German. Federico of Svevia, the future emperor Federico TWO passed yourselves some years of its childhood (in fact was christened to Court of assizes in 1197, to the age of three years), entrusted at the cares of Corrado of Urslingen. A year more late, during an absence of Corrado, during of the movements you populate supporters of independence, the Fortress was destroyed from the Assisani. Only in 1367 the Cardinal Albornoz rebuilded re-using it the wall merlate the west and parts of the wall it. In 1458 the Mister in those days, Tiny Jacopo, fece to build the tower dodecagonale and the long wall of connection; Pope Sixtus IV restaurò the mastio in 1478 and Paolo III fece raise in 1535-38 the tower move about near the entrance.

HOLY BASILICA MARIA OF THE ANGELS to Basilica of Holy Maria of the Angels of imposing dimensions (is the seventh one in order of size between the Christian churches) perhaps little it is suited to the Franciscan dettami of simplicity, was however necessary to be able to welcome the masses of the pilgrims in visit to the Porziuncola, the primitive Hat of S. Maria of the Angels, that S. Francesco ricevette in gift from the Benedettini of the Subasio and that divenne the unit of the first cloister, and to the Hat of the I Pass, place in which S. Francesco died october 4 1226.

 

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GUBBIO

Story

Gubbio is an ancient town of the umbria, positioned to the base of the mountain Ingino and go through from the torrent Carmignano. The first shapes of installation in the territory eugubino seem to place itself already in the prehistory (restive of a prehistoric village on the Bald mountain).

The Tables eugubine With certainty is known that Gubbio was been based on from the Umbrian and Ikuvium or Iguvium a sacred importance center was considered and in the same commercial time being on horseback between the crossroads from and for the Tyrrhenian one and the Adriatic. Surely entrò in contact with the close etruscan civility; depositions of that I make sentences are the important Tables eugubine, discoveries in 1444 and gained from the Commune in 1456. These they constitute a key importante of reading of the civility, of the Umbrian tongue and of the order of this town-been, as was Gubbio, between 111 and the THE century to. C. The seven bronze tables that constitute them, in part edited in Umbrian alphabet (diversion of that etruscan) and in part written in Latin (with Umbrian flus), constitute a historical document of exceptional value.

I make sentences Roman Alleatasi with Rome in 295 to. C., Gubbio ottenne in the 89 to. C. the Roman citizenship: was raised to Municipium and attributed to the Tribe Clustumina. Fiorente town under the Roman dominion, began its decline in parallel to the us it it of the empire, invaded from the Eruli was in 552 destroyed from the Cheeks of Totila, but immediately rebuilded with two powerful defensive towers from the Byzantine of Narsete, general of Justinian, not more in plain, but on the slopes of the mountain Ingino. With the crumbling of the Byzantine empire in 772, Gubbio was occupied from the king longobardi Liutprando, Astolfo and Desire.


I liberate Common

Yielded to the Church, with the donations of Pipino the Short one and Carlo Main the town, simply subdued to the bishops, it is constituted in free Commune of faction ghibellina and, in the xi century, began a political espansionistica that in short carried to have it more of hundred castles under its dominion but, in the same time, to enter in strong conflict with the powerful town of Perugia,. In 1151 eleven town federated, led from Perugia, they attached the Eugubini with the intent of to sweep via from the face of the land their town. Not only these they supported to the be urgent, but counterattacking, ottennero a crushing victory than ebbe of the miraculous one; event that the people attributed to Ubaldo Baldassini (1080-1160), its holy bishop that is already given back protagonist of other interventions "miraculous". But the that military and commercial power Gubbio went more flaunting clashed strong with that of Perugia and, given the neighborhood, the crash between the two powerful town entrò in the everyday life, until in 1257 the Perugini did not take again won back removing themselves it part of the territories to the Eugubini (territories later on returned with the be about peace of 1273). ALL of THE XIII century saw Gubbio, ghibellina, to thrive in peace and to grow is from the point of view urbanistico that economical. In 1263, the guelfi took the power than detennero until 1350 when, fall under the signoria of Giovanni Gabrielli, in 1354 was besieged and stormed from the cardinal Albornoz, Pontifical Legacy, that subdued it to the Church granting, however, to the town the ancient privileges and actual statutes. The peace was of short duration since the pontifical government not mantenne the made promises from the cardinal Albornoz: the Eugubini in 1376 rose up and established a self-government. Little years after, in 1381, the bishop Gabriele Gabrielli, leaned from the Pope, it is self-proclaimed Mister of Agobbio (medieval name of Gubbio) provoking the rebellion of the Eugubini that, reduced to the hunger, in 1384 raise themselves in arms against the bishop. Unavailable to resist the battagliero bishop, that did not want loser the dominion of the town, the Eugubini itself "delivered" spontaneously to the Montefeltro, duchi of Urbino, losing so the title of free Commune, but gaining a long period of calm. The Montefeltro, fond mister of the art, returned to Gubbio the privileges, the civil regulations and the town returned to flower cuilturalmente and artistic (in that I make sentences the Palace was rebuilded Ducale of Gubbio). In 1508 they succeeded, in the dominion of the town, the Of The Oak, that they held it until 1624 when, with the death of Francesco Maria TWO Of The Oak, I finish heir of the family, all of the assets passed, as per testamentary will, to the Pontifical State.

I reign of Italy

In 1860 Gubbio it was annexed to the Kingdom of Italy and, in the same year, it was joined to the Province of Perugia. In the second world War the town paid hard its participation to the struggle against the nazifascisti: june 22 1944, to I continue from an operation carried out from a group of antifascisti, the German carried out a fierce retaliation, slaughtering, to blows of machine gun, 40 innocent citizens, in the crowds of the church of the Madonna of the Meadow (where today a mausoleo remembers the 40 martyrdoms). Besides, for about thirty days, until july 25 1944, day of the liberation, the town hard was bombed from the artiglierie tedesche that, from the neighboring mountains, beat the valley to clash the advance of the troops of liberation. Places of interest

The Palace of the you comfort, was make build in the XIV century from the government of the town, that in this manner wanted to testify the size and the pontezza reached from the town. The palzzo, in gothic style, is high about sixty meters, in gothic style. From 1901 it is seat of the Municipal Museum, where are exhibited ancient you archeological Umbrian, a collection coin collecting and an art gallery.


Recurrences

May 15 of every year is developed yourselves the Party of the Appearances, folk event in honor of the patron of the town, Sant' Ubaldo. The last sunday of May of every year it the Horserace of the Crossbow is developed yourselves, folk event in honor of the patron of the town, Sant' Ubaldo. From 2004 the town of Gubbio accommodates the cultural show named Altrocioccolato TO Gubbio, second homeland of San Francesco, the International Center for the Peace between the Peoples of Gubbio wanted celebrant from 1994, to 768 years from the death of the Holy one, the Party of the docility to remember l' event of the ammansimento
of the wolf, founding in the meantime the Franciscan Fire of the peace from And of the reconciliation in the world.

Curiosity

Gubbio the main seat of the renewals of the television series of the Italian Broadcasting Corporation was Don Matteo with Terence Hill. To Gubbio is present a track of flight ultraleggero, belonging to the association Aligubbio.

Divisions

Branca, Torre Calzolari, Spada, Padule, San Marco, Colpalombo, Carbonesca, Biscina, Belvedere, Scritto, Ponte D'assi, Cipolleto, Ferratelle, Semonte, Casamorcia, Raggio, Monteleto, Mocaiana, Monteluiano, San Martino in Colle, Loreto, Camporeggiano, Burano.


 

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ORVIETO

Orvieto is a commune of 20.692 inhabitants of the province of Jackpots.

Story

The town of Orvieto is installed on a cliff that dominates the plain, in which run the rivers Straw and little Chiani before meeting in the Tiber. This enormous platform in volcanic tufa brown that it is lifted from twenty to fifty meters from the plan of the country, was created from the action eruttiva of some volcanos, that deposited an enormous quantity of materials. Reliable news checking the first human installations go back to the VII century to. C., but is to retain itself that the place was already inhabited sin from the age of the bronze and of the iron.

I make sentences Etruscan The archeological deposition of period etruscan, supplied from countries of excavation and studies conducts in the last years, offer an enough painting reliable, even if still incomplete, of the ancient town, identified after a lot of uncertainties epolemiche between etruscologi, in the town of Velzna. Named, likely, Volsinii Veteres (the quarrel on the name of this etruscan town still has not concluded, but this seems the most reliable one) rose in the crowds of a well-known etruscan sanctuary, Fanum Voltumnae, goal every year of the inhabitants of the etruria that met yourselves for celebrate religious rites, you play and shows. The town ebbe, from the viii to the YOURSELVES century to. C., a considerable development econimico, of whom benefited rich principlamente families in a regime strong oligarchico, and a demographic development that, in the composition of the population, show the opening to a town multietnica; of everything that it is had verification from the restive of the town on the cliff and mainly from the close necropoli. The town reached the greatest brightness between the YOURSELVES and the IV century to. C., a fiorente shopping center becoming and artistic, with a military supremacy guaranteed from its position strategic that the appearance of a natural stronghold gave them.

I make sentences Roman But between the end of the IV and the beginning of the III century to. C. the social balance that had allowed the growth of the town, cracked. The subordinate classes gained the government of the public thing, the disagreement between the classes violent divenne, until the noble did not ask help to the Romen. These, in 264 to. C., colsero the occasion to send off the army to Volsinii and, instead of to subject it, destroyed it and deported the inhabitants rescued to the massacre, on the shores of the close lake of Bolsena, where risen Volsinii Niera. It is not known the motive of such perseverance of the Romen towards the town that, according to the news literary, transported in Rome beyond two thousand statues razziate from the sanctuaries orvietani, and evoked in the urbe the god Vertumnus, the main deity of the Etruscans. The transfer of the physical town of the ancient Orvieto from a site to the other one, will be repeated in opposite sense provoked still from other invasions. It was refunded then on the cliff orvietana the cittadella altomedievale of Ourbibentos that, in the arc of some century, diverrà a new town with the name of Urbs Vetus (old town).



I liberate Common

 After the sudden fall of the Roman empire of west, Orvieto divenne dominion of the Cheeks until 553 when, after a bloody battle and a siege, was gained from the Byzantine of Belisario. Subsequently, after the founding of the Ducato of Spoleto, divenne longobarda. Little before the one thousand year the town, mail on the line of boundary of the Byzantine Italy, of whom constituted an important strategic knot, returned to bloom again, expanding its woven urbanistico with the construction of fortificazioni, palaces, towers and churches. It is constituted in Commune, but even if it did not do part officially of the property of San Pietro, it is found under its control; to to be recognized town government ebbe I am necessary of a declaration of approval aside of pope Adriano IV in 1157. In the XII century Orvieto, strong of a toughened army, began to broaden the actual boundaries that, after victorious battles against Siena, Viterbo, Perugia and Todi, saw to dominate it on an immense territory that went from the Val of Chiana until the lands of Orbetello and of Talamone on the Tyrrhenian mar. In this its expansion, Orvieto is made a being able allied: Florence (rival of Siena) that the ascent had leaned of it. The centuries XIII and XIV had been the period of greatest brightness for Orvieto that, with a population of about thirty thousand inhabitants (superior even to that of Rome), divenne a military power unquestioned, and saw to be born in splendid its territory urban palaces and monuments.

The struggles

Paradoxically this period saw also the to be born of furious struggles it in the town. Two families patricks, the guelfa Monaldeschi and the ghibellina Filippeschi, tormented the town with bloody battles that, together to the religious struggles between the Malcorini, filoimperiali and the Muffatti, papal, weakened the town power favoring, in 1364, the conquest aside of the cardinal Egidio Albornoz. In this lapse of time other events, you honor of note, were recorded themselves to Orvieto: in 1216 Pope Innocenzo III, from the pulpits of the church of Sant' Andrea, had proclaimed the IV crusade; in 1281, in the same church, to the presence of Carlo THE of angiò, came raised to the pontificated Pope Martino IV and, in 1297, in the church of San Francesco, the canonizzazione happened. After the cardinal Albornoz, Orvieto venne assogettata to varied signorie: Rinaldo Orsini, Biordo Michelotti, Giovanni Tomacello and Arm Fortebraccio to return then, in 1450, definitive to make part of the State of the Church, divenendone an of the provinces more mattering and constituting the alternative in Rome for a lot of pontiffs, bishops and cardinal that came yourselves to to stay. The centuries XVII and XVIII had been periods of calm for the town. Under the Napoleonic empire risen at canton and more late, in 1831, under the Church, high venne to Papal Delegation. In 1860, freed from the Hunters of the Tiber, it was annexed to the Kingdom of Italy.

Culture

It is seat of the Foundation for the Center you Study "Town of Orvieto" - University, I Research, High Formation http://www.uniorvieto.eu/.

Party of the Palombella (the dove that symbolizes the Holy Spirit) that it is held every year in occasion of the Pentecoste, founded in the XVI century from the Monaldeschi. Party for some time disputed from the animalisti that ask the substitution of the alive palombella with an image. Sunday successive to the Pentecoste: Horserace of the goose that it is developed on the square of the People, with track in land beaten and sees the quarrel between the varied knights of two ancient contracts (Pistrella and Hollow) with competitions of ability on horseback. Procession of the Corpus Dominions: a procession (the before was in 1337), accompanied from a historical procession with 400 appearing, evokes the Miracle of Bolsena Crib in the Well: underground crib with characters enlivened to natural size. Umbria jazz winter: between the end of December and the beginning of January, it is developed an international jazz music of festival. Race "The Castellana" car test of speed in ascent,
valid for the CIVM, organized annually in April with departure from the fraction of Ciconia and arrival to Colonnetta of Prodo (route of 6.100 meters). Sunday 28 May 2006 "Open Cellars" August: show of the wines and of the handicraft products is seat of the LUG OrvietoLUG.

Sport

May 20 2002 the 8^ stage of the Turn of Italy 2002 has concluded to Orvieto with the victory of the Spanish Aitor Gonzalez Jimenez.

Monuments and places of art to visit

Duomo
Pozzo di San Patrizio (1528)
Pozzo della Cava
Palazzo Soliano (1297)
Palazzo Papale
Torre del Moro
Palazzo comunale
Palazzo del Popolo
Le Necropoli del Crocifisso del Tufo e di Cannicella
Chiesa di San Giovenale
Chiesa di Sant'Andrea
Via della Cava
Chiesa di San Domenico, costruita sulle rovine di un tempio pagano
I Musei Faina, Greco e quell' dell'Opera del Duomo
La Funicolare di Orvieto


 

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SPOLETO

Spoleto is a commune of 38.101 inhabitants of the province of Perugia

Story

Umbrian and Roman Colony Place on a necks to the layers of the Monteluco, I press the shores of the torrent Tessino, to the inferior margin of the Umbrian Valley, Spoleto is an ancient center inhabited since the prehistory. The first depositions indicate that Spoleto had inhabited at least from the VII century to. C. from the Umbrian, how attest ancient graves risalenti to the age of the iron. The wall poligonali of the V-IV century to. C., said wall ciclopiche, constituted from enormous boulders of stone calcarea in shape poligonale, show that a town is been about quite fortified and equipped, in position dominating on the Umbrian valley. Become Roman colony in 241 to. C., Spoleto (Spoletium) itself fece quite soon fiorente and rich of monuments. Spoleto itself always faithful mantenne in Rome, species in the wars puniche, doing not only reject Annibale after its victory to the Trasimeno (21 a.C.), but above all in the critical period successive to that long conflict. In 43 to. C. Ottaviano stops yourselves, before the battle of Modena, doing a sacrifice in one of the templi of the town.

Ducato of Spoleto to the beginnings of the V century is known that resided to Spoleto the Roman senator Giulio Naucellio. Embellished from Teodorico, that between 507 and 511 poses hand to the I restore some town and to the discount of the valley in wide part impaludata, and from Belisario (536) was stormed from Totila (545) and restored from Narsete that, after 553 undertaken the restoration of the wall. Invaded italy, the Longobardi scelsero Spoleto like capital of one of the largest Ducati, projecting the political flu of the town on an immense territory of the Italy hit the center of-southern, until the Ducato of Benevento. Falls the Longobardi, the Ducato passed to the Frank. When the empire carolingio was split, the duchi of Spoleto, I Drive III and its son Lamberto, pushed themselves to the conquest of the imperial crown (889).

Under the Pontifical State In 1155 Spoleto, "equipped town, defended from hundred towers" was, according to the tradition, destroyed from Federico Barbarossa and if the varied dominations immediately from a side carried dead and destruction, from the other one enriched famous Spoleto of monuments. Disputed then, between the empire and the Church, was at this associated from Innocenzo III in 1198 and definitive in 1247. Funestata from conflicts between Guelfi and Ghibellini, was riappacificata from the cardinal Egidio Albornoz, (that, in 1359, gave beginning to the intense activities of construction of the splendid Fortress like seat of the governors of the town); was ensured to the Church and done center mattering some Pontifical State that sent them authoritative governors, between these also Lucrezia Borgia (1499). From the Renaissance in then Spoleto is transformed progressively from mainly strategic center to cultural center, with the foundation of the academy of the Dull (today Academy spoletina). They followed periods of brightness and of decline. During the French occupation, Spoleto was capital before the Department of the Clitunno and then of that of the Trasimeno, not a lot in tribute to the historical heritage of the ancient Caput Umbriae how much, more pragmatically, for its proximity to the territories you ascend confining with the Kingdom of Naples, and so exhibited to the penetration of the brigantaggio, that agreed an easier territorial control. The Restoration (1814) of it fece a pontifical seat of Delegation until that, 17 September 1860, the troops of the general Brignone, unite Spoleto to the novelty Been Italian.

Culture - Economy

After the unification, become Perugia capital of the umbria, Spoleto lost progressively the administrative role of center. To the serious economical repercussions it settles itself to partial remedy in the first years of the twentieth century, with the construction of factories in proximity of the wall with the attivazione of the mines of lignite.

To leave from the second postwar period the town stretches out to take on a new role, a new identity, with a cultural series of proposals of recognized interest and happened:

the Italian Center of Studies on the high medieval age 1951, promoter of meetings and of valid well-known publications all over the world; the Lyric Theater Experimental 1947, springboard of throw for the young singing lyric; the Festival of Two World (known also like Spoleto Festival), been based on in 1958 from the teacher composer Gian Carlo Menotti, that with its shows of prose, dances, you plan, shows and film Prestigious and fashionable international shows of level. Tourism, craftsmanship, tries and agriculture, supported in these last years from the commerce and from the tertiary one, are the solid bases on that leans at present the economy spoletina. The craftsmanship brags a solid tradition of woven, you embroider and sellerie; the agriculture, with the production of best and renowned oil of olive, continues an ancient tradition of centuries; the small and middle industry with businesses that operate in the area metalworker, textile and graph, quite it is supported to the local economy.

But the more representative voice of the economical distribution spoletino is senz' other that of the tourism. Spoleto is today one of the main tourist centers of the umbria, known to international level; the motive that determined this success are traceable to the large historical property-artistic-cultural and naturalistic that offers the town and its territory.

The commune does part of the association of the Azzano of Italy, eleven between communes and fractions that carry in their name the limit Azzano and that have the citizens that call themselves azzanesi: Azzano of asti, Tenth Azzano, Azzano Mella, Azzano San Paolo, Castel of azzano and you are fractions.

Every year in the month of August is developed "Spoleto Summer" cultural review of appointment, musical and of show that see thick eminent protagonists fame.

Every year in the Month of August is developed in the close fraction of Bazzano the Mama Umbria International Festival treated from the American coreografa Ellen Stewart.

From 1999 the Events of yearend they are founded: during the Christmas period the town organizes cultural initiatives and for the collective intattenimento, species in occasion of the new Year.

From 2003 Spoleto it welcomes annually the Week Interazionale of the Dance trasferitasi from Perugia and still first from Rieti. The show has the purpose of to research and to promote new young rising stars of the classic and modern dance.

From 2005 the initiative it is founded enogastronomica Wines In The World, a show positioned in the planted more ancient of the town and that sees protagonists the wines produced from more of 160 cellars provenienti from the Italy and from all of the world.

Monuments and places of art to visit

La Rocca Albornoziana con la torre della Spiritata e la Camera Pinta, affrescata con dipinti quattrocenteschi.
Il Ponte Sanguinario, ponte Romano con volte alte 9 metri ed attualmente al di sotto del piano stradale.
Il Duomo, sorto nel 1067 sui resti di una chiesa del IX secolo
La chiesa di San Salvatore (sec. IV), tra le basiliche di origine paleocristiane più antiche d'Europa
La chiesa di Sant'Eufemia (sec. XII) costruita nell'area di una Insula di cui restano mosaici e mura (e che costituisce un raro caso italiano di chiesa romanica coi matronei)
L'Arco di Druso, arco romano che introduceva al foro (sito attuale di piazza del Mercato)
Il monastero di Sant'Agata e la chiesa di San Pietro
Il palazzo Spada, sede della Pinacoteca Comunale
Il palazzo Racani Arroni, sede del Centro Italiano di Studi sull'Alto Medioevo
Il Ponte delle Torri, acquedotto longobado unico nella sua altezza di 82 metri
L'elegante casa romana Vespasia Polla (madre dell'imperatore Vespasiano), con pavimenti e mosaici ancora intatti
Il Bosco Sacro del Monteluco, con il convento francescano del XII sec.
La chiesa di Sant'Ansano del primo Medio Evo, costruita sul sito del Tempio Romano dedicato a Giove riconoscibile ancora nella cripta
Le chiese romaniche di: San Gregorio Maggiore, San Domenico, San Pietro, San Ponziano, San Giuliano e San Paolo Inter Vineas
La Torre dell'Olio del sec. XIII e la Porta Fuga
Il palazzo Comunale del 200
I palazzi del XVIII secolo: Callicola (sede della Galleria Comunale di Arte Moderna con opere di Calder, De Gregorio, Pomodoro ed altri), Campello e Ancaiani
Il Teatro Romano
Il Teatro Nuovo del 1885, progettato dall'architetto Ireneo Aleandri e voluto dalla borghesia cittadina per l'insufficiente capienza del già esistente Caio Melisso
Il Teatro Caio Melisso di origine seicentesca e quindi una delle strutture più antiche di Italia, abbandonato dopo l'inaugurazione del Nuovo e successivamente riabilitato.
Il Complesso Monumentale del San Nicolò
L'Auditorium della Stella
La Chiesa della Manna d'Oro
La Piazza del Duomo e la relativa scalinata
La Piazza Del Mercato
Le Vie di Fontesecca, dei Duchi e Porta Fuga
La passeggiata panoramica comunemente conosciuta come giro della Rocca e l'attiguo sentiero giro dei Condotti, dai quali si può ammirare sia la valle umbra che inusuali scorci di Spoleto.

Sport

May 13 2004 the 5^ stage of the Turn of Italy 2004 has concluded to Spoleto with the victory of the Australian Robbie McEwen.

The better one resulted obtained from the masculine volley ball to Spoleto the achievement of the fourth of final version in the Championship of series was TO 1991/1992. The squad then named Coming Oil was eliminated in the decisive competition from the Sisley three face than vinse for 3-2 in house

Division

Spoleto has 57 divisions:

Acquaiola, Acquacastagna, Ancaiano, Azzano, Baiano, Bazzano Inferiore, Bazzano Superiore, Beroide, Camporoppolo, Campo Salese, Cerqueto, Cese, Collerisana, Collicelli, Cortaccione, Crocemaroggia, Eggi, Fogliano, Forca di Cerro, Madonna di Baiano,Maiano, Messenano, Milano, Montebiblico, Monteluco, Monte Martano (sorge sull'omonimo monte ed è sede di un castello), Morgnano, Morro, Ocenelli, Palazzaccio, Perchia, Petrognano, Pompagnano, Pontebari, Poreta, Protte, Rubbiano, San Brizio, San Giacomo, San Giovanni di Baiano, San Martino in Trignano, San Nicolò, San Silvestro, Santa Croce, Sant'Anastasio, Sant'Angelo in Mercole, San Venanzo, Silvignano, Somma, Strettura, Terraia, Terzo la Pieve, Terzo San Severo, Uncinano, Valdarena, Valle San Martino, Vallocchi
 

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LAGO TRASIMENO (lake)

With a surface of square Kilometers. 128 and a circumference of Km. 45, is, for extension, the greater dell' Italy penisulare and fourth in absolute dell' whole country. Of origin tectonics, it has nature laminate with greatest depth of 6 m about.



Administratively, the zone of the Trasimeno does part of the umbria, but culturally and geographically is together Umbria and Tuscany. It has the features of the an and of the other one. It is found that is to say in an area in which the boundary between the two regions remains fascinate indefinite, in the tongue and in the landscape so like in the tastes of the kitchen and in the traditions.

It is perfectly to the Italy center, in a point than sin from the antiquity is situated to back of the route that from the center and from the north one Europe lead in Rome. In a point that it is, to the same time, easily attainable and withdrawn. That it did of it a special goal of everything.

Not a crowded place of passage. But a sort of "place of the strawberries", in which some arrive chance to become of the jealous habitué. However, we, more than the case, consigliamo the comfortable roads. If come in car, it take the highway of the Sun, gone out from the tollbooth of Valdichiana or of Enclosures-Chianciano Baths, followed the signs for just around twenty kilometers and you arrived. If preferred to travel in railroad, fairies the line Florence-Rome and come down to Terontola, to Close, or to Castiglione of the Lake.

A time taken lodging in one of eight communes of the Trasimeno (Castiglione of the Lake, Town of the Pieve, Magione, Paciano, Panicale, Passignano, Piegaro, Tuoro), you will be able to program a series of comfortable trips.

In the ray of a hundred kilometers it have 20% of the artistic property world: Florence, Perugia, Siena, Arezzo, Court of assizes, Orvieto, Gubbio, Spoleto, Closed, Cortona, Tarquinius. It have that is to say to carry of hand most of the renaissance art Italian, as well as a considerable part of the ancient one and medieval. In just two hours of car, besides, be able to be in the Rome center. All the roads are comfortable and often panoramic. You will be able to go easily wherever. But perhaps the beauty of the lake yourselves tratterrà.

The COMMON ELDERS OF THE AREA

Castiglione of the Lake - Rises on a promontory calcareo that was a time the fourth island of the Trasimeno (m. 304). Different discoveries archeologists testify that the center was populated in etruscan period and in Roman age. The present inhabited preserve the medieval city wall and the ancient castle, that across a long enlightened camminamento from the light of the feritoie, is connected to the town cinquecentesco palace.

This was make build above a pre-existing building from Ascanio of the Corgna, marchese of Castiglione of the Lake and of the Chiugi, grandchild of Giulio III like one distintosi of the better commanders during the battle of Lepanto of 1571. In the noble plan of the palace they preserve you fresco realized themselves him in the second half of the '500, according to the renaissance flavor Roman, from the pesarese Giovanni Pandolfi and from the Florentine Salvio Savini. In the church of the Maddalena, to Greek cross, with valuable fed up of the Piervittori and neoclassical pronao, it is found the table of Eusebio of San Giorgio, of 1500. Every two years, in spring, it the international gathering of the aquilonisti is held yourselves, that takes the name of "we Color the Skies".

Passignano on the Trasimeno - Well-known center cantieristico and tourist, of etruscan origin-Roman, situated (m. 289) on the northern bank of the Trasimeno. Its name comes from Passum Jani (Step of Giano). The ancient unit is presented still I enclose from wall and with medieval appearance, with an intrigue of alleys. To four kilometers from the center, it pour east, it is found the church of S. Vito, that preserve a fine belltower of the XIII century and to the inside a table of the school of Fiorenzo of Lorenzo. To the territory of Passignano belongs also Castel Rigone (to m. 663), been based on in 543 from Rigone, lieutenant of Totila, commander of the Cheeks. From this center, that restive preserve of the castle built to the end of the XIII century, as well as the harmonious renaissance church of the "Madonna of the Miracles", it is enjoyed a splendid visa on the lake. Hence, besides, fascinated him of trekking can begin an attractive walk that leads them until the highest point of the necks of the Trasimeno, the Mountain Castiglione (m. 802), on whose cresce a thick inhabited pine forest from squirrels, foxes, faine and wild boars.

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CORCIANO                                                                                                       Back            Go to Homepage

Corciano is a commune of 15.179 inhabitants of the province of Perugia I post on a necks to 12 kilometers from Perugia.

Story

According to an ancient legend, Corciano is risen for work of Coragino, mythical companion of the Greek hero Ulysses. The more ancient tracks of the presence of the man (some fragments of tools on blade of flint and varied fragments of pots in mixture done not polish) go back to the Neolitico. The discovery of two pots cinerari (preserved in the antiquarium of the Town palace) signal the human presence in a period included between the IX and the viii century to. C.. Between the III and the THE century to. C. numerous inhabited units formed themselves (in type of small dimensions) devoted mainly to the agricultural activity and to the handicraft one. The area, notes archeologically for the well-known nineteenth-century finding of the grave of the carts bronzei risalente to the second half of the YOURSELVES century to. C. underwent, four centuries more late, a strong trial of development likely in connection to the increasing request of travertine used for the production of it, stones funerari, but above all for the construction of the urban town of Perugia.

The first documents

It is alone after the one thousand year than some documents document its existence. In 1136 pope Innocenzo TWO confirmation the Castrum says Corciano to the Bishop of Perugia and the same castle is cited in the list of the villas and of the present castles in the territory perugino in the year 1258. The tight dependence with Perugia carried the soldier corcianesi to fight against Todi that had occupied part of the territory perugino: in 1310 rejected the you until the doors of their town.

I brace from Ram: Between 1415 and 1416 the Captain of fortune I Brace from Ram, espulso from Bologna, with his troops it is directed in Umbria sowing destruction and death. It feared to gain Corciano, but the citizen defends courageously and puts in escape the troops of Arm. The Magistrates perugini, like remuneration for the heroic defence, exempted Corciano from every tax for five years. But I Brace it is not stopped: after to have gained 120 castles in the territory perugino, returns at Corciano that, doing not be able to support a new siege, opens him spontaneously the doors.

In the XIV century Corciano passed, like almost all of the umbria, in the orbit of the State of the Church and divenne stronghold of the Duchi of the Corgna that had their residence in the present Town palace. In 1809 the Napoleonic army established to Perugia the imperial Government and Corciano upright venne to Mairie. November 9 1860 comes published the plebiscite for the annexation of the Province of Perugia to the Kingdom of Italy: 97.000 favorable vows and 386 opposite.

 

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FOLIGNO

Foligno is the third town of the umbria, is in province of Perugia and its commune counts 53.818 inhabitants. It am gone through from the river Mouse.

It is the shopping center and industrial richer and mattering some Umbrian Valley and the main communications center of the whole region. Important knot is railroad on the line Rome-Ancona to the origin of the line Foligno-Terontola (Arezzo), that road on the via Flaminia to the intersezione of the SS75 (Umbrian Station), SS77 (of the Val of Chienti), SS316 (of the Mountains Martani) with the SS3 (Flaminia). It was defined "port of land of the Pontifical State" for its road centrality, "Town aeronautics" for excellence for his industre aeronautics and above all for the airport (been born at the fine one dell'800), until 1944 between the more mattering and better supplied of Italy, destroyed from the German in escape and today in road of ammodernamento.

I press the Barracks "Gen. Ferrante Gonzaga of the Vodice" of Foligno, has seat, from 1996, the Selection center and National Recruitment of the army. The barracks in priority had been first seat of 1° Regiment of artiglieria, of the official School students and noncoms of artiglieria and then of 92° Battaglione of infantry "Basilicata".

Story

The origin protostorica of Foligno goes back to the Umbrian period preromana. The Umbrian Fulginia, then Roman Fulginium, situated to the biforcazione (diverticulum) of the ancient one via Flamina (that here it is divided in two branches) and to the outlet of the river Mouse (the ancient Timea) to fondovalle, left to the modern town the rectilinear installation of roads that cross themselves perpendicularly. The roads are in relation with four Roman bridges still existing on the ancient course of the river Mouse. The town was prefecture and town hall registered to the tribe Cornelia and considerable ebbe importance during the imperial period.

It was mattering common ghibellino in the medieval age and, in the renaissance, under the signoria of the you Drink, extended its boundaries until the abruzzo. Always sole bulwark ghibellino in Umbria (excluded the period of the you Drink), it is deducted in numerous and bloody wars won against the neighbor and guelfa Perugia.

During the second world war it was seat of an important airport, of barracks, of military schools and of war industries (particularly aeronautics). It underwent anglo-american numerosisimi bombardments that destroyed it all'80%, for this was honored of medal of silver.

In the story of the town they have succeeded numerous catastrophic earthquakes, the most recent one goes back to 27 September 1997 and caused serious damages to the town and to the fractions ascend, some of which totally destroyed.

Divisions

Foligno has 124 divisions:

Abbazia di Sassovivo, Acqua Santo Stefano, Afrile, Aghi, Ali, Annifo, Arvello, Ascolano, Barri, Belfiore, Borgarella, Borroni, Budino, Camino, Cancellara, Cancelli, Cantagalli, Capodacqua, Caposomigiale, Cappuccini, Cariè, Carpello, Casa del Prete, Casa Pacico, Casale del Leure, Casale della Macchia, Casale di Morro, Casale di Scopoli, Cascito, Casco dell'Acqua, Casenove, Casette di Cupigliolo, Casevecchie, Cassignano, Castello di Morro, Castretto, Cavallara, Cave, Cerritello, Chieve, Cifo, Civitella, Colfiorito, Collazzolo, Colle di Verchiano, Colle San Giovanni, Colle San Lorenzo, Colle Scandolaro, Collelungo, Collenibbio, Colpernaco, Colpersico, Corvia, Costa di Arvello, Crescenti, Croce di Roccafranca, Croce di Verchiano, Cupacci, Cupigliolo, Cupoli, Curasci, Fiamenga, Fondi, Forcatura, Fraia, Hoffmann, La Franca, La Spiazza, La Valle, Leggiana, Liè, Maceratola, Maestà di Colfornaro, Modonna delle Grazie, Montarone, Morro, Navello, Orchi, Paciana, Palarne, Pale, Pallaia, Perticani, Pescara I°, Pescara II°, Pieve Fanonica, Pisenti, Poggiarello, Polveragna, Ponte San Lazzaro, Ponte Santa Lucia, Pontecentesimo, Popola, Rasiglia, Ravignano, Rio, Roccafranca, Roviglieto, San Bartolomeo, San Giovanni Profiamma, San Vittore, Sant'Eraclio, Santo Stefano dei Piccioni, Scafali, Scandolaro, Scanzano, Scopoli, Seggio, Serra Alta, Serra Bassa, Serrone, Sostino, Sterpete, Tesina, Tito, Torre di Montefalco, Treggio, Uppello, Vallupo, Vegnole, Verchiano, Vescia, Vionica, Volperino.


Circoscrizioni

Circoscrizione n. 1 “Centro storico-Palombaro”
Circoscrizione n. 2 “Borroni–Corvia–Scafali–Sterpete–Cave–Casvecchie–Budino–Fiamenga–Maceratola”
Circoscrizione n. 3 “Viale Firenze – Subasio – Agorà”
Circoscrizione n. 4 “Flaminio–Ina Casa–Uppello”
Circoscrizione n. 5 “Sant'Eraclio”
Circoscrizione n. 6 “S. Giovanni Profiamma–Belfiore–Vescia–Capodacqua–Pontecentesimo”
Circoscrizione n. 7 “Annifo–Colfiorito”
Circoscrizione n. 8 “Valle del Menotre”

Districts

The historical center of Foligno traditionally is subdivided in twenty districts, but alone ten come today recognized and compete in the Manages some Quintana. These last I am: Ammanniti, Minds, Yielded, Contrastanga, White Cross, Giotti, The Delay, Morlupo, Pugilli, Sword.

These instead the Districts "dead" that were absorbed in the precedents, but that stay in the place names: Borgo, Source of the Field, Cipischi, Cross, Falcons, Feldenghi, Franceschi, Menacoda, Old Square, Spavagli.

Town gemellate

At present, the Commune of Foligno has in to be three twinnings:

Gemona of the Friuli, Italy The Louvière capital of the Vallonia, Belgium Shibukawa of the Region of Gunma,
Japan

Events and Shows

Between the events and the national shows of relief than annually develop themselves to Foligno I am to remember:

Some Quintana Manages it you Mark Baroque Festival Humorfest Party to Palace The Festival of the first flat Days Dantesque Celebrations of the Happy Angela [alteration] Curiosity Foligno comes considered (with a definition amplified from Eugenio Enlarge when was director says The Republic) the "center of the world". Foligno is found in fact to the center of the Italian peninsula, that it is found to its time to the center of the Europe and of the Mediterranean one, that ancient was at its turns considered the center of the world. Particularly such point is identified, in the last decades, with the central birillo of the central billiards of the historian "Caffé Sassovivo" in Run Cavour and is today signalled alone from a crystal set in the floor of a bank that it is found to the place of the disappeared caffé.

June 26 1952 to the airport of Foligno avvenne the first aerial deviation of the story. Yourselves atterrò in fact a DC-3 of the aerial lines Yugoslavian that carried out the connection between Zagreb and Pola and that was dirottato on Foligno. On board they were yourselves 27 passengers, among which 4 limb of the crew and the 3 hijackers, workers of Zagreb, that asked political nursery.

5 and 6 April 1472 to Foligno venne printed (from the German Johannes Numeister and from the folignate Evangelista Mei) the first book in Italian tongue: the Divine Comedy.
 

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TODI

Todi is a commune of 16.512 inhabitants of the province of Perugia.

It rises in top to a whose hill top it surpasses of little the 400 meters that it is appeared on the middle valley of the Tiber.

The town territory, one of the most immense of the region, is for the hill is composed from a myriad of small installations. The main centers, besides the town of Todi, I am Pantalla and the zone of Ponterio-Slow of port that I include also the industrial area of the town. The town itself cautious puo currency in two different zones: the inside part to the medieval wall subdivided in districts and the new part mail outside to the wall subdivided in districts. The main districts of the town I am: Holy Stefano, Sant' Archangel, Crucified, Cappuccinos, District Europe, Intrigue and Tower Squared.

Agreed to the wall instead they find the districts: Holy Prassede, Holy Maria, Low Valley, Fortunate San, Carries Fratta and Roman Door.

The main fractions I am

Asproli, Hunt, Companion, Canonical, Casemascie, Cecanibbi, Chioano, Collevalenza, Cordigliano, two saints, Ficareto, Flower, Frontignano, Ilci, Izzalini, Loreto, Lorgnano, Montemolino, Montenero, Monticello, Pantalla, Pesciano, Petroro, Slow of Port, Slow of San Martino, Pontecuti, Ponterio, Ponterio Station, Porchiano, I Make square, Ripaioli, Romazzano, Rosceto, San Damiano, Torrececcona, Torregentile, Vasciano

Shows, Parties and Festivals

Festival Art Todi - it is developed in the last week of July. It is a prose of theater of annual review and lyric, of dance, of cultured and ethnic music, of visual limbs and of literary meetings. The Artistic Direction entrusted from 1997 to the actress Simona Marchini Todinotte - it is developed in the months of July and August supporting in the squares of the town you plan of music folk, ethnic and modern. Market of the antique business - it is developed in the main square of the every town second sunday of the month. Fair of San Martino - THE 11 November the
roads of the historical center itself riempiono of stalls transforming the whole town in a large market. Umbria bed and breakfast IL CEDRO Perugia b&b                    b&b Umbria     b&b Perugia                 BBilCedro  bedrooms to Perugia                Bed and Breakfast Umbria

CITTA' DELLA PIEVE

Città della Pieve  is a commune of 7.132 inhabitants of the province of Perugia. It is situated on a necks, to about 500 m. s. l. m. dominating the Val of Chiana. Medieval Borgo, Town of the Pieve is built almost entirely in brick to see.

Geography

In train The station of arrival Is Closed-Chianciano Baths (and not Town of the Pieve).

It is from Florence that from Rome there are connections with trains 'Directed', that leave every two hours. Also the Intercity and pendolini have a species of schedule cadenced, with intervals of two hours. It is from Rome that from Florence it is employed us little except for of two hours with the "Directed" and a hour with the Intercity and pendolini.

From the station of Enclosures they leave some coach that serve too Town of the Pieve. The itinerary is passable also on foot: the distance is of about 10 km, and it is employed us around 2 hours.

In car THE HIGHWAY is the A1, with the exit of 'Closed-Chianciano Baths'.

Using the normal road net, it it is exceeded Closed and the railroad line, then turns itself to the right following the indications for Town of the Pieve.

Coming from Perugia it it is taken the state n. 220 and the indications for Tavernelle follow themselves, exceeded that, after about a km, there is a dilemma. Here it is mattering not to turn to the right for Castiglione of the Lake, but to continue right for Town of the same Pieve. After other 5 km about, another dilemma will be met: not to deviate political left for Piegaro/Monteleone. After other 9 km, to the end of the SS 220, turns itself to the right, the SS entering 71. NB: if for mistake to Perugia it is entered the highway connection, is mattering to remember that the correct exit is that of Corciano, following then the indications for Castel of the Plan or for Città della Pieve

.

Totale Perugia-Città della Pieve: 43 km.

Distances

Da Chiusi: 11 km
Da Perugia: 43 km
Da Assisi: 70 km
Da Firenze: 130 km
Da Roma: 180 km

Storia

Edifici importanti
Possiede le mura di cinta con le porte S.Agostino e S.Maria.

Chiese: Cattedrale dei SS. Gervasio e Protasio, Chiesa di Sant'Agostino, Chiesa e Monastero di Santa Lucia (monastero di clausura delle clarisse, fondato il 9 agosto 1252), Chiesa di San Francesco,
Palazzi: Palazzo dei Priori, Palazzo Cartoni, Palazzo della Corgna, Palazzo Vescovile, Casa Canestrelli, Casa del Perugino,
Other buildings or interesting places: Alley Baciadonne (in the most squeezed point is wide means meter),

Environs

In the town territory, also from it signal the chiesetta of the Madonna of the Health, to 2 km to south of the capital: old romitorio with eardrum romanico, and all' inside, to the of above dell' altar, cloth of the school of the Perugino.

Awkward characters to Town of the Pieve

Artists: The Perugino (painter, to the century Pietro Vannucci), Antonio Circignani (Pomarancio said), Andrea Districts (architect) Politicians: Ascanio of the Corgna (governor,
grandchild of pope Giulio III) [alteration] Works of the Perugino to Town of the Pieve Adoration of the Magicians (1504) in the oratory of S. Maria of the White Baptism of Christ and
Madonna in Prides and Holy in the cathedral Deposition of the Cross in the church of S. Maria of the Servius S. Antonio Abbot between the SS. Marcello and Paolo Hermit in the church
of S. Pietro

Holiday and events

The Sunday and the Monday of Easter the terziere Borgo Inside prepares the living Managers on the Passion, Death and Resurrection of Christ.

A time to the year (19-21 June), in occasion of the party of S. Luigi (patron of the Terziere Casalino) the main road comes covered of compositions formed from petals of flowers.

Around august holiday it is developed the "Horserace of the Terzieri". A show that has the duration of about 10 days and goes to conclude itself with the competition of the "hunting to the bull" between the "Terzieri" : "Borgo inside", "Casalino" and "Castle".

In the period of Christmas it comes prepared a Crib from terziere Castle.

Trips on foot around Town of the Pieve

There are four different turns to do on foot, with the mountain-bike or... on horseback. I press the tourist office (that it is found next to the Cathedral) ask for the 4 depliant with the description of the route.

Town of the Pieve in TV

To Town of the Pieve have turned the set of the fiction military Policemen.

 

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NORCIA

Norcia is a commune of 4.695 inhabitants of the province of Perugia. The citizen is mail to a distance of 96 Km from the Umbrian capital, to about 600 m slm and to the to limit north of the Scholastic altopiano of Saint, a tectonics origin of plateau placed in the heart of the Umbrian apennine-marchigiano and introduced in the comprensorio of the National Park of the Sybilline Mountains.

Story

It traces of human installations in the valley they go back to the Neolitico, while it is testified with certainty a human presence consecutive to leave from the VIII century to. C. The foundation of the town goes back likely to the V century, for work of the Sabine, that to Norcia place the northern outpost of the territory from you are monitored. Likely the name Norcia have to be place in connection with the etruscan name Northia of the Roman goddess Luck.

The town is allied of Rome in the war against Carthage and becomes in TWO century to. c. first Prefecture and therefore Town Hall in the Savin Region IV. In the civil war that it sees Ottaviano countered to Antonio Norcia is allied with this last and shares is drawn it to the next day of the defeat suffered to work of the first future emperor. In 250, the town accommodates the bishop folignate San Feliciano that converts it to the Christianity and seat of an important diocese becomes already to leave from the IV century.

With the decline of the Roman empire of west and the invasions that achieve to work of the barbaric populations, Norcia comes to more taken again plundered and devastated first from the Cheeks and therefore from the Longobardi that subject it and subdue it then to the Ducato Longobardo of Spoleto. Actual in this period, to the end of the V century, Norcia sees the birth of its more eminent citizen, Holy San founder of the west monachesimo.

Although its arrangement in a mountainous region and not easily accessible the Umbrian citizen undergoes repeated attacks aside of Saracen pirates in the beginning of the IX century.

During the high medieval age Norcia go through a period of deep depression and economical decline that see it almost to succumb under the weight of a high rate of emigration and of a high indicator of mortality. The self-governing agriculture of survival characteristic of this historical period determines the development of the breeding of the whose pig meat, worked and retailed to the urban centers neighbors, becomes a mattering means of maintenance and of exchange for the peasants of the zone, otherwise lacking other fundamental resources.

In the course of all of the medieval age Norcia is town guelfa subordinated to the papal dominion but succeeds however to constitute itself in free commune in the beginning of the XII century and to live a period of relevant economical flourishing. Specially interesting and worthy of summons it is the marriage that it it is established in this period between the town and the abbey benedettina of Sant' Eutizio, placed in the territory of the current Preci. Marriage that between the other from place to the birth of the so-called Surgical Schola in which the anatomical knowledge of the monk melt themselves with the empirical knowledge and the surgical practices that the breeders nursini I am in a position of to develop with success on the pigs. The surgical school nursina comes recognized officially from the Church that authorizes a slight in person group, provenienti from some local families, to perform surgical interventions until now exclusively put into practice from monks.

In the beginning of 1300, Norcia consolidates its political economical and its flu prestige that see it, together with Visso, to cover the role of main urban center in the mountainous region that surrounds it. They come built some wall of defence but the neighborhood of the powerful Spoleto compels it to a conflict costing that to the fine mine irreparably the perspectives of development and of political power.

In 1354 definitive it is subdued to the Church, but already in 1324 because of a catastrophic earthquake that destroys most of the public and private buildings provoking numerous victims, Norcia undergoes a definitive coup de grace to its ambition territorial.

In the slow one Renaissance, the pontiffs assign to Norcia the seat of a Pontifical Prefecture with jurisdiction on big part of the mountainous territories neighboring, you post from a part and dall´other of the Apennine side, consolidate to defensive purpose the city wall that to all today surrounds, nearly unbroken, the ancient center inhabited and raise, on drawing of the Vignola, the stronghold goddess of the Castellina that with its Of the town dedicated to Holy San.

In the XVII century Norcia, strong bound in Rome from a strong political dependence and administrative, living persons an interesting period of artistic and cultural liveliness, how reflected to the baroque brightness that the short papal inaugurated on the shores of the Tiber in that I make sentences. The cultural exchanges with other town of the peninsula intensify themselves in fact and some artists of reputation arrive at Norcia for some dipingervi works. It rises a literary academy, come open of the schools and been based on a theater and the town is populated of churches, cloisters and monasteries.



In the course of the XVIII century the town again is upsetted from a catastrophic series of earthquakes that upset of it the order urbanistico. The reconstruction that it is given back necessary erases in big part the medieval personality of the Umbrian citizen and tax the typically nineteenth-century structure that is today visible in big part of the historical center.

Norcia, strong and traditionally thread-papal, rejects first in arms an attempt to to establish in the zone a government I spin-Frenchman in 1798 objection comes subsequently included in the Republic that under the Napoleonic dominion, monitors central Italy until the Restoration, that restores the pontifical power on the region.

1859 is theater of a novelty devastating earthquake that, according to what restored from official the site of the commune of Norcia, destroys 600 buildings on 676 existing. The pontifical administration imposes from that moment of the rigid rules that forbid to raise in the town buildings beyond the three plans of height and prescribe the material employment of details from construction.

In 1860, to the next day of the plebiscites of annexation, Norcia is united to the new Kingdom of Italy but with the coming of the XX century the alive town one of the economical moments most difficult. The traditional agriculture does not succeed to support the competition of the intensive agriculture already benefits-industrial and the countries live again a period of strong emigration in different directions: towards the United States where, between Pennsylvania and Ohio, numerous colonies of Nursini establish themselves and above all verse Rome where the expert craftsmen in the art of the making of the pig establish and manage numerous commercial activity in the area (Norcinerie).

The phenomenon migratorio continues for big part of the century and door to a progressive depopulation of the countries and of the small fractions that surround the citizen.

The umpteenth earthquake (1979), that provokes the sudden fall of some cavity under the city area make sink numerous houses under their weight, upsets further the territory and serious cause damages to all of the artistic property and to the big part of the private buildings, but the plan of improvement and of reconstruction that starts in the successive years and itself protrae for all of the years 80, even if between To the magistracy for cases of corruption and clientelismo, carries to a revived economical of the zone, with the start of a small industrial activity, the abandonment of the agricultural activity of subsistence and above all with the tourist promotion alberghiera that becomes predominant in the economical budget of the citizen.

The contemporary Norcia is a town to strong tourist vocation for that the demographic hemorrhage seems to be be arrested. The territory assists to a growth of the population and to a to revive also of the small fractions, a time almost left. Like the remainder of the region Norcia is characterized from a certain immigration, due above all to foreign labor recalled from the work possibility seasonal worker dedicated from the industry feed and from the tourist one.

The traditional activity, bound to the making of the pork and of the collection of the black truffle, united to the beauty paesaggistica of the comprensorio ascend, do of it a goal reasonable longed for aside of also international customer base that, above all in summer, crowds the numerous hotels and hospitality center.

Environment

The altopiano of Castelluccio of Norcia From The point of geographic and naturalistic visa Norcia is placed in the point of connection of two reality much different paesaggistiche but adjoining: the Valnerina, that is the comprensorio of the tight river valley excavated from the Black river and from its affluenti, with his slopes ascend steep covered of vegetation to leaf caduca, and the Sybilline Mountains, the mountainous zone of origin Of to reach and to surpass the 2000 meters of height, with slopes erbosi or covered from faggete, rounded off from the glacial action and eolica, to the inside of which open themselves immense altopiani carsici exploited for the pasture of cattle and of raw and rich of floral species ascend between the what l' artemisia, the anemone, the genziana and the lily martagone.

The forests that surround the valley are populated from the capriolo, from the wild cat and from the squirrel while in the last years, thanks to works of ripopolamento, was able to do its reappeared also the cinghiale. In the faggete of high mountain I am signalled some small Apennine packs of wolf, that live however in difficult balance with the presence human awkward above all to the sheep-farming, spaciously put into practice in the zone. Rare but present the real eagle, while I am relatively frequent the species of the hawk pilgrim, of the I beat red and of the I beat muraiolo.

In the waters of the Lake of Pilato, a small lake field from the variable level, food from the snowy dissolution, I post in a glacial basin in proximity of the top of the Mountain Carrier, living persons a species endemica of crustacean: the Chirocefalo of the Marchesoni.

The phenomena carsici I am much frequent and in proximity of the urban center, to back of the city wall, give place to of the risorgive locally named Rotted, that is zones in which the water, collected and ridistribuita across a rational system of channels, floods in consecutive manner and monitored for long periods of the spacious ground of zones year, agreeing the collection of a hay abounding.

Upwards mountain the phenomenon I am shown with the presence of numerous inghiottitoi that, soprattuto in the southern part of the altopiano of the Castelluccio, I am quite visible for extension and morfologia.

The altopiano of the Castelluccio is constituted from a system of different fields glacial svuotatisi in was geological later on to a tectonic series of upsets. The altopiano is developed on an executive North-South for a comprehensive length of about 20 km and takes the name from the small center inhabited that occupies an of its summit marginal calcaree. The Slow Large one represents the altopiano of greater extension (about 15 square km) : to it add themselves some smaller altipiani (Slow Small, Slow Lost, Fourth San Lorenzo and the Slow one of the Bogs). In the slow spring the altopiano is theater of a special natural phenomenon named Flowering and had to just to the different floral contemporary species of tens of flowering that give place to a carpet multicolre that covers all the valley.

Art

The artistic property of the city nursina, even if still large and interesting, resents unfortunately of the seismic events, often catastrophic, that in the course of the centuries have inferto injured serious, destroying important monuments and tracks of a remote past that goes back to the period benefits-Roman.

The artistic central point-monumental of the town rolls certainly around its central square where, with a renaissance organization of taste the buildings symbol of the identity concentrate themselves nursina:

- The Basilica of San Holy whose original construction, with the splendid gothic facade, the rosone and the friezes of 4 evangelisti goes back to the XII century. The tradition wants that is been built on the restive of the birth house of the holy one but piu' likely in the same place rose a Roman basilica of period past subsequently destroyed.

- The Portico of the Measures, a market of the cereals to the covered one, with the measures of capacitá in still quite visible stone, built to back of the basilica in 1570.

- The Castellina, the residence fortified seat of the prefecture and of the pontifical governors, built in 1554 on drawing of the Vignola.

- The Cathedral of Holy Silver Maria, built on the site occupied from a pieve demolished in 1554 to make place to the Castellina, accommodates some flemish works of authors and a building triptych of the XVI century of Francesco Sparapane.

- The Town Palace, building risalente to the XIV century, spaciously restored in the XIX century because of the damages restored in the seismic events precedents.

- The monument to Holy San from Norcia performed from Francesco Prinzi in occasion of the centennial XIV of the birth of the holy one.

More decentralized with respect to the Square Holy San, but always of considerable artistic interest, is the complex Monumental one of San whose Francesco construction goes back to the XIV century and that accommodates today the town file and the municipal library.

Other gothic example of facade that traces the structure of the abbey patronale is represented from the Church of Sant' August, of the XIV century.

In the crowds of the Door Ascolana the Criptoportico accommodates some you archeological recovered in different zones of the town and belonging mainly to the civility savin.

To the outside one of the city wall they are numerous the monuments of a certain artistic interest. The White Madonna, in the crowds of the locality named Fork of ancarano, is a valuable construction risalente to the XV century.

In localitá you Live it results very interesting the parochial one of Sant' Andrea, to the inside of the inhabited center with its original architecture and functional and the evocative aerial loggiato of triangular plant that characterizes it.

Always in the crowds of the fraction of Fields it is to visit the pieve of S. Savior with the two rosoni and the two different portals of periods.

To 12 km from the inhabited center, in the crowds of the fraction of Savelli, they are visible the ruderi of the Madonna of the Snow, an elegant construction to octagonal plant, built on drawings of the Desiring, gone nearly destroyed in the course of the earthquake of 1979 and not still riedificata.

In the crowds of the fraction of San Pilgrim it rises the cloister of Holy Maria of Montesanto, a building of the upright XIV century from the frati Clareni and entrusted via road in the course of the centuries to different religious orders, since in the beginning of the past century, how long lies left. The cloister, in awful state of preservation, possiede a valuable inside chiostro, an adjacent church with some television of the XVII century and a wooden statue of Madonna with child risalente to the XIV century, object of special devotion aside of the population.

Parties and Traditions

- 6 January: Party of the Pasquarelle. Renewing the Christian tradition of the Epiphany and in connection with other like rites that develop themselves in the same day of the year in the remainder of Europe, the Pasquarellari, an in person group to the sound of tambourines and small tools to percussion, go of house in house where, with songs in dialect nursino (Pasquarelle) comes announced the birth of the Messiah.

- 17 January: Sant' Antonio Abbot. Blessing of the animals, of the salt and of the grain with parade in the roads of the town´ and successive auction of the lambs.

- 21 March: Holy San. In occasion of the party of the holy founder of the west monachesimo a torch, that has previously traveller for different European countries, arrives finally to Norcia. The torch symbolizes the spread of the rule benedettina in all of the countries of the continent. Historical procession in custom and ceremony of the Offer of the Pallio aside of 27 castles in which a time was organizing and subdivided the territory of the cittá.

- Friday of Easter: Procession of the Christ dead long the roads and to back of the wall of the town.

- 30 April: Piantamaggio. Ancestral rite of the fertilitá and of the I awaken spring. A tree of poplar, deprived some cortex, adorned of a branch and generally of the national flag, comes planted at night in the square of the country, in a climate of party and of large convivialitá.

- 9 December: Party of the Fauna. In the neighboring countries the town, a time arrived the night, to the sound of organetti and to the song of stornelli in dialect nursino, it is given fire to of the pyres (Fauna) of juniper to celebrate the recurrence of the Madonna of Loreto. The fires, in the tradition populate, illuminate the walk of the angels that from the Holy Land carry in safe to Loreto the house of the Virgin. In realtá the party has origin pagane and it is linked to the rites of the light that, to the to arrive some solstice of winter, are common in different European cultures.

Divisions

Agriano, Aliena, Ancarano, Biselli, Campi, Casali di Serravalle, Case sparse, Castelluccio, Cortigno, Forca Canapine, Forsivo, Frascaro, Legogne, Monte-Cappelletta, Nottoria, Ocricchio, Ospedaletto, Pescia, Pie' la rocca, Piediripa, Popoli, San Marco, San Pellegrino, Sant'Andrea, Savelli, Serravalle, Valcaldara
 

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SAN CASCIANO dei BAGNI

San Casciano dei Bagni is a commune of 1.745 inhabitants of the province of Siena, near Town of the Pieve.

Story

The birth and the development of San Casciano of the Baths are bound essentially to the presence of the of the thermal waters: 42 sources to a middle temperature of 40°C with a comprehensive course of about 5,5 water of liters of millions to the day, given that places San Casciano to the third place in Europe for carried of thermal water.

The tradition, restored also from the Florentine Domenico Maria Manna, on horseback between the XVII and XVIII century, wants that is the etruscan Lucumone been of Closed Porsenna to be based on the "Baths Chiusini", appreciated and attended subsequently also from the Romen, you want for the effectiveness of the waters, want for the neighborhood to the same one Rome and to the Road Erases. Between the eminent goers of the Roman period they remember themselves the emperor Ottaviano Augusto, according to what it is learned from the works of Orazio and other classic writers, and Triaria, the wife of the emperor Vitellio.

The vitality of this hit the center of is testified also from the early penetration of the christianity and already in the IV-V century existed in San Casciano a pieve titled to S. Maria "to Balneo".

With the end of the Roman empire it began a rapid decline of the Italian termalismo, the invasions of the barbarians, the struggles between longobardi and Byzantine, contributed to the drastic reorganization urbanistico and demographic of San Casciano. Itself ridussero of a fifth one the families sancascianesi and scomparve the suburbium, the district remembered in an ancient document recovered in the XVI century.

The medieval age saw San Casciano submitted to the feudal dominion of the Viscounts of Campiglia, and to the right exercised from the abbey of San Savior, an of the more being able some Tuscany of the time, and from the ancient Diocese of Enclosures. In this make sentences they have the first news written: donation of the Marchese Ugo of Tuscany to the abbey of San Savior of the "Curtis says Bath" (995), confirmed from the emperors Brass III and Enrico TWO; other relevant news to the pieve of Holy Maria date 1014, 1020, 1067 and 1075; in 1191 the pieve is mentioned in a Bubble of the pontiff Celestino III; in 1226 Federico TWO Of San Casciano and Fighine.

The '200 is the century of the general renewal of the termalismo and with it revives also San Casciano, thanks also to the neighborhood of the Via Francigena, the important artery of connection between the Europe, the north Italy and Rome. To remember in this period the mishap of the abbot of Cluny, kidnapped from Ghino of Heel while came to San Casciano to treat the evil of liver and stomach so how remembered from the Boccaccio, in TWO short story of the X day of the Decamerone.

The Viscounts of Campiglia, mister also of San Casciano, found themselves quite soon squeezed between the aims espansionistiche of Siena and Orvieto and, doing not be able to clash the military supremacy and politics of two Communes, were compelled to line up itself now with the one, now with the other, to second of the moments and of the necessity.

A first period lined up from the of sienna part becoming lighted supporter of the ghibellini, and obtaining from Federico Barbarossa the privilege of the imperial protection. From 1215 they lined up from the part guelfa and therefore of Orvieto, with important contacts with Florence. The new alliance involved the sancascianesi in the bloody defeat of You (4 September 1260). The weakening of the feudal family of the Viscounts carried around the first half of the XIV century to the division of the family in two branches: one "of sienna" resident to Campiglia of orcia and one "orvietano" to San Casciano, bound to the branch of the Cervara of the family Monaldeschi of Orvieto, with that shared the results of the long war civil orvietana fought against the Monaldeschi. Monaldo Viscounts, the last mister of San Casciano, important ottenne success military with the troops sancascianesi to the damages of the supporters of the family of the Monaldeschi of the Viper in the northern territories of the orvietano been, a lot to be named Podestà of Florence in 1389. Although the neighborhood with Orvieto and Florence was actual Monaldo to sanction the riavvicinamento to Siena, first with the agreement of 1383 and 1386 and then with the definitive submission june 15 1412. When its son Giovanni renounced to all of the right that its family bragged on San Casciano and Fighine, the Viscounts went out for always from the story sancascianese.

Mattering privileges had been reconciled to San Casciano from the of sienna authority, so like the central government reserved special caution was reserved to the baths sancascianesi.

After the I plunder of 1495 aside of the Calves Calf of troops, San Casciano is found involved in the continuous wars that in particolar manner devastated all the zone of the southern boundary of the of sienna State, to the summit of which itself ebbe the conquest of Siena (1555) aside of Cosimo THE says' Medical, Duke of Florence. For four years it is prolonged the resistance of the of sienna exiles of the Republic of Siena Withdrawn in Montalcino, with which was lined up also San Casciano. With the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis is determined also the end of the of sienna independence and Cosimo says' Medical poté be based on the Granducato of Tuscany. In the new organization state San Casciano could count on the support and the protection of Aurelio Manna, one of the most reliable contributors of the Granduca.

You stop the war turbulences of the first half of the '500, itself registrò the rapid renewal of the baths sancascianesi, where until ALL of THE XVIII century flowed people from all Italy and Europe: starts, noble, ambassadors, cardinal, bishops and common persons entrust at the sources to treat the most disparate illnesses. To underline the importance reached from the baths, the Granduca Ferdinando THE says' Medical fece to realize, in 1607, a Portico on the place where emerges the source of the Ficoncella. Also Mattias, brother of the Granduca Ferdinando TWO says' Medical, was an assiduous goer of the waters sancascianesi.

The Granduca Pietro Leopoldo THE of asburgo Lorena visited San Casciano october 24 1769, remaining hit from the quantity and from the heat of the thermal waters and destining deep for the construction of the new road of connection with the Roman Road (former via Francigena and present Erases). In 1777 it reunited the community of Cells on the I Rule, Fighine, Camporsevoli and The Squares to San Casciano (the last two will come then mail under Cetona).

The missed adaptation to the new standard that from the XIX century were requests to the thermal stations carried San Casciano to a progressive decline and to a secondary role with respect to the city neighbors thermal. After an attempt to raising in the years '30 of the XX century, the baths sancascianesi found their leading role to the beginnings of this century with the accomplishment of a complex thermal one and alberghiero recognized between the first ten in the world.

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TERNI

Terni is the town of the lovers! Birth town of San Valentino, first bishop of the town and martyr beheaded from the Romen february 14. A legend wants that the Holy one have reconciled some fiancés that quarreled, giving their a rose; besides, the Holy one, loved a lot the children, teaching their the importance of the love and the respect towards the family; so Valentino risen at the role of patron of the enchanted and, more in general, of that of the love, also familiar. The town is a considerable industrial pole, seat of installations "historians" of the Italian capitalism that it strong connoted from the point of view urbanistico, like the well-known acciaierie, the Factory of you arm, the Workshops Forest and the Society of Carburo of Soccer, sole to the world to produce calciocianamide.

The Jackpots of steelworker installation was the fucina of the arms of Mussolini and pride of the regime for the quantity and quality of the production, possible revenue from the water riches of energy of the zone, characterized, on the other hand, for the presence of the well-known Waterfalls of the Marmore. Actual the Acciaierie were the cause of the terrible bombardments of the Second War World fans from the town. The binomial Jackpots-steel is so strong that the large producer Luchino Viscounts here wanted to acclimate its masterpiece The Fall of the Of The, instigator to the dynasty of the Krupp, large liberal family German of entrepreneurs of the steel, that it is left to involve from Hitler to produce the cannons of the Third Reich, following them you of the dictator.

The Waterfall of the Marmore is a sole show that has inspirng Lord Byron in the Pilgrimage of the young Aroldo. It operates of hydraulic engineering Roman, it is soon mythological topos become. The Black river has been not other that a nymph transformed so from Jupiter to be enchanted itself some shepherd Veil (the other river); This Last, to rejoin itself to the loved, it is thrown with a leap from the cliff of the Marmore, giving life to the waterfall!

In the Cathedral of Holy eye Proposition Maria to the organ! And 'likely the most attractive one in Italy for splendor of the colors and imponenza of the pipes. The tool, in fact, was drawn from the Bernini, that was on the other hand personal friend of the Cardinal that inaugurò in 1653 the church.

Terni  is the town of Free Freed, first champion world Italian of motorcycling in the class 500 in 1957, nicknamed the "Knight of steel". It died in an accident road little years after to have gained the rainbow-colored title: the stadium of Jackpots is at him dedicated.

Historian was the legendary meeting I press the church of San Savior between the king longobardo Liutprando and Pope Zaccaria. Zaccaria was provided of a large capacity of fascinazione and of large charisma that much flu on Liutprando allowed to have him, saving the dominions of the church from the longobardi and guaranteeing to the church a strong temporal power.



Population Resident

103.964 (M 49.276, F 54.688)

I number Families 41.741

Number Residences 44.396

Name Livings Holy ternani

Patron San Valentino Party
Patronale 14 February

Locality and Fractions of Terni

Battiferro, Cecalocco, Cesi, Collescipoli, Collestatte, Gabeletta, Giuncano, Marmore, Miranda, Papigno, Piediluco, Poggio, Lavarino, Porzano, Rivo, Rocca San Zenone, San Carlo, San Liberatore, Torreorsina, Valenza
 

Neighboring communes

Acquasparta, Arrone, Colli sul Velino (RI), Contigliano (RI), Labro (RI), Montecastrilli, Montefranco, Narni, San Gemini, Spoleto (PG), Stroncone

Musei nel Comune of Terni

Museo Aurelio de Felice
Mostra Permanente di Paleontologia
Pinacoteca Comunale Orneore Metelli

Theaters

Teatro Verdi
Stadi di Calcio
Stadio L. Liberati
 

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CASCATA delle MARMORE    (Waterfall)

La Cascata delle Marmore is an artificial waterfall between the higher of Europe, being able to count on a comprehensive dislivello of 165 m, subdivided in three leaps (the first, higher one, of 83 m). Be it is found to about 7,5 km of distance from Jackpots, in Umbria, almost to the end of the Valnerina, the long valley excavated from the river Black. The waterfall is formed from the river Veil that, in proximity of the fraction of Marmore, flows from from the lake of Piediluco and plunges with roar in the submitting throat of the Black one. Normally alone a part of the water of the river Veil (carried middle 50 mc/s) comes deviant towards the Waterfall (about 30%, being equivalent to to about 15 mc/s). The works ingegneristiche and the nature that surrounds it, always recalled a big number of tourists and visitors, a lot push the secure and stable observation of places of creation (the Observatory upwards, square Pots in lower part, varied Belvedere). Between of them, we can cite very eminent personality: Plinio, Guide, Fazio of the You, a big number of popes, Galileo Galilei, Vittorio Alfieri, Ferdinando TWO of Two Sicilies, the Naples of Mother Queen, Salvator Rose, Corot, Attractive Gioacchino, Lord Byron and very other. The waterfall, in the XVIII and XIX century, represented a lot often a day of visit of the verse Tour Grand Rome.

The waterfall today

To the day of today, the waters of the waterfall come exploited intensely for the electric production of energy, in the station of Galleto. This does itself that the true and actual waterfall does not be continually working, but for most of the time itself riduca to the dimensions of a torrent. The field of the lake of Piediluco act as from water tank for the station, built in 1929 and architecturally very attractive to see itself, capable to produce electric energy with a power of about 530 MW. For moderate the operation of the station and to allow it the sight to all, in schedules and periods defined, the waterfall comes make work the greatest one carried, ensuring a spectacular effect: an acoustic signal warning of the opening of the paratoie of regulation, and the small torrent is transformed in little minutes in a river roboante that hurls in the empty one. Normally, it is possible vision the waterfall in function between them hours 12.00 and the 13.00 and between the 16.00 and the 17.00, every day of the week: in the festive days are expected hourly of operation prolonged. From about 5 years, it the points of observation enters better upon payment of a cards of entrance.

 

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UMBRIA JAZZ

Umbria jazz is an of the most important shows jazzistiche to world level. It is developed to Perugia in the month of July.

The origins

23 August  1973 is the date of the first concert of the first edition of Umbria jazz. It was immediately clear that it a good idea is been about, how it testified the large success of public, to spite of an approximate promotion (the gestation of the trial was swift: from the sight to the concrete accomplishment passed little months). At first Umbria jazz assunse a formula "traveling", that is to say it is moved, every evening, from a town to the other in a sort of picturesque journey disorganizzato for the much evocative places of the region, and had a big quality: the concerts were free. To listen to music it not it is paid do not any cards, in a historical phase in which the young considered the music like an is drawn of "social service". For the jazz, it sets to music from club or all to more from theater, at any rate for small spaces, it is a shock. The jazz enters in the square of the umbria, the agorà where is itself always turn the civil and social life of its people. Since then the jazz and the square coexist, and festival of this type are born in all Italy. Beyond that a shock for the umbria, is an incredible promotional ad, because sets to music and environments interweave with unpublished suggestions. And the image of those overcrowded squares of people does the turn of the Italy and disembarks even in America. Besides, how it has been possible not to undergo the glamour of the square of the People of Todi, of square IV November to Perugia, of the Roman Theater to Gubbio, of the stronghold of the albornoz to Orvieto... If Umbria jazz should throw the umbria like landing of a young tourism and of mass, the objective was reached.

The first difficulty

The town of the umbria, from the fragile balance, in the days of Umbria jazz (from now Uj), explode. In some situations the population doubles. The organizers do the possible one to hold in check the situation but, to times, the possible one is not sufficient. Before the concerts, from the first afternoon, the squares become of the endless expanses of bags to hair. It is difficult to move itself: absolutely in some cases also the musicians have difficulty in the to reach the place where should play, and there is who, like Count Basie, does not arrive completely: its orchestra stays inexorably blocked on the bus victim of the same blockage in which are trapped a lot inhaling onlookers. For Umbria jazz they do not exist half hour measures: there is who sees with enthusiasm this singular "experiment" of cultural politics and does to note like the same image of the region comes of it positively distorted. To the opposite one, they do not be lacking the skeptical first and the critical after, that see Uj like a species of violence to the traditional quietness and to the age-old silence of the umbria.

 
The first disorders

The edition of 1976, the year that sees to press on the stages of the umbria to George Coleman, Art Blakey and Dizzy Gillespie marks the blackest year for Uj. In Umbria too people arrives and this awn the main motive of crisis. But there it is also to say that it leaves some public (a minority part, but gaudy) is not certainly easy to manage. It is a public "extreme" that lives all like a political dimension; in Italy are the so-called "years of lead". Uj comes dragged, its despite, in this spiral and often theater of irrequietezze becomes and sometimes of disorders. Small groups of protesters are given to the "espropri proletari", other rage against the seats of the political parties of right hand. To Todi explode disorders to the to pass of a religious procession. Around the squares long file of policemen and the climate, that have to be of party are lined up, becomes very I stretch. Not even the music itself safe: goes of fashion the jazz-political man, even if often the politicizzazione is resolved in some winning title and in flaunted African clothing. They come whistled large artists, like Chet Baker and Stan Getz, you whiten and middle-class person. As much lit, obviously, it is the comparison between the forces poilitiche of the umbria and in the cultural environments: supporter and detractors measure themselves with strong tones. And to think that, in fund, all it had been born from a harmless tourist purpose of promotion. In order not to risk, the organizers cancel the edition of 1977.

The end of a dream?

After a lot controversial, in 1978 it returns to reorganize the large kermis of Uj, with a formula that seeks to limit the influx of onlookers dividendoli: every evening go in stage two concerts in as much town. But the crowd it is not divided or rather, in certain cases, increases, and with be, obviously, the problems. The festival, for how became, is not more gestibile, and not even difendibile. Also the regional directors that until now, although all, had defended it, not if feel it more of to run the large one I risk and are compelled to yield. The edition of 1978 will be the last of Uj. I serve a pause of reflection, but I is not a lot bet on the future of the festival. It seemed actual the "song of the swan" : to Jackpots, in an I rejoice of crowd, it is developed the large performance of the trio of Bill Evans with to the battery Philly Jo Jones, while to Perugia it is shown Lionel Hampton with its All Star Big Band: a remnant of masterpiece in a black moment.

The Arabic fenice

For three years, from 1979 to 1981 it I am continued to talk about Uj, but I am in little those that they would bet on an its revived. And instead, it authenticates Arabic fenice of the music, the show revives from its ashes. In the edition of 1982 it is seen immediately that a lot what are changed: above all Region and Atp do not enter more in the management, that comes taken to loaded from a group of willing. In the first times it is done head to the structure of the arc, an associative reality to the period a lot strong in Umbria. Then, col pass some years and of the editions, it is chosen more a limited structure that gains skill and professionalism. From this, in 1985, it the association is born Umbria jazz, without end of I make money from, that has in management the brand "Umbria jazz" of property of the Region and manages the festival in every its appearance (formula, artistic choices, organization, logistics, sponsorships). Today the president of the association is Renzo Arbore, while Carlo Pagnotta (one of the authors of Uj) the artistic Director stays of it. Other passage important, some years after, is the birth, for will of the Region, of the Foundation Umbria jazz, that has the task of guaranteeing the financial resources of part public.

A "formula" winning

The umbria free and traveling jazz of the seventies is now a memory; the present one is a show that introduces, for the first time, the cards of entrance. Not in all of the concerts, because a part of the playbill it stays, and it will stay, always free and in square. Well, for the concerts more mattering, it is paid. Besides it is also the public that is changed, and new requirements emerge: stoplight to the large parades, stoplight to the bags to hair in square, but you post to sit and, strictly, numbered. The second feature of the "news" Uj is the stanzialità: is not more a traveling festival, but takes stable residence to Perugia. In truth, in the first years, it is experienced the experience of the so-called one "decentralization" : the festival is developed almost all to Perugia, but some concert comes prepared also in other town, like Jackpots, Narni, Orvieto, Foligno, Gubbio, Town of Castle and Court of assizes. But the "decentralization" fails. Uj a festival to total immersion became, and the historical center of Perugia appears more like a global village in which it is breathed music to every now of the day and of the night, with events that succeed and superimpose. In a square kilometer of extraordinary beauty and suggestion unpublished interactions between medieval story create themselves, that wafts between the palaces and the squares of Perugia, and the sounds of the contemporaneità.

Atmosphere "magical"

In the first two years of its "second life" Uj was "watched special" and developed themselves in a torrid awning from circus in the zone of Slow of Massiano (near the stadium), quite distant from the historical center: a species of I confine because the problems of the seventies had not been forgotten. This situation live it also the operating of commerce (that today consider like one Uj of the fundamental moments of the promotion of the tourism) : when opens the festival a lot of bar and refreshing close. But it is seen soon that the climate is very different and, to little by little, the skepticism yields the place to the trust. And so itself riguadagna the historical center. The evening concerts hold themselves in the neoclassical gardens of the Pediment; almost all of the concerts are exhausted and thousands of persons do not succeed to follow their favorites (Sonny Rollins, Randy Crawford, Michel Petrucciani, Phil Collins, To The Jarrau and Keith Jarrett, alone to name the some).

From 2003 they will be replaced with the most roomy arena of the Holy Giuliana that it will welcome the performace of Ornette Coleman, Van Morrison, Bobby McFerrin, the Earth, Wind & Fire, James Brown and the Manhattan Transport (also here, alone some name). Then they open themselves the "good lounges" : first the Theater of the Peacock, the eighteenth-century theater of the aristocracy perugina, that accommodates in 1984 a galà in honor of Sarah Vaughan; then the town theater Morlacchi that, with its acoustic best, excites the voice and the notes of the guitar of Caetano Veloso.


In 1987 it bursts on the stage of the festival what it stays the most evocative space in absolute: the thirteenth-century church of San Francesco to the Meadow. It is an of the most ancient and noble churches of the town, semidiroccata for an unbroken every type of traumas of series, from the landslide of the ground (already immediately after the construction) until the more recent earthquake than one upsetted the umbria in 1997. The night, above the abside uncovered, it is seen the starry sky. It is a place "magical" : everything that it is played gains yourselves an unnatural dimension. The musicians are charmed of it. Out of from the church, on the meadow, where the music slides without obstacles, thousands of persons listen to Gil Evans, Carmen McRea, the Liberation music orchestra. At present they are finishing the you restore for to make it become the auditorium of Perugia with the abside strictly uncovered.

Other evocative spaces used I am the cathedral of Perugia (above all with the choruses Gospel), the basilica of San Pietro (with Jan Garbarek and Hilliard Ensemble for the mystic and spiritual project Officium). Itself dovette open even the stadium of soccer (the present "Renato you Treat"), for the performance of the mythical Miles Davis in 1984, and was theater of the most memorable concert of the festival, that of Sting in 1987. In 1997 a concert comes moved to Villa Fidelia (neighbor I Skin) because of the thousands of requests of cards from all Italy and from the indisponibilità of the artist of to use the stadium; is another of the unforgettable moments for Uj: in an almost surrealistic frame the guitar of Eric Clapton does to go crazy thousands of youngsters. The last "purchases" were the Philippine oratory of Holy Cecilia, small and delightful, restored from the Commune with the contribution of the Heineken, and the room Podiani of the national Arcade of the umbria, the temple of the story and of the culture of the town. And, naturally, for the free concerts, it returns in square IV November and to the gardens Carducci, the heart of the medieval heart.



The style

With respect to the last Uj is all another story. What it does not change with respect to the first life it is the quality of the playbill: in the twenty years that leaves from the edition of 1982 and arrives until our days, for the umbria goes all of the jazz that counts, with some digression in the territories of the rock and of the blues and of the Brazilian song, with a greater caution (above all in the last years) to the. It is the formula, however, that does the luck of the festival. The artistic choices divide themselves, wanting to generalize a lot, in two veins: from a side the orthodox jazz; from the other one a variegated Black panorama of music (blues, gospel, soul, zydeco, marching band, rhythm 'n' blues) for a public generalist that seeks a good resonant column for its vacation in Umbria. Uj is not a show snob and does not exclude no: also for this contributes, like not any other, to the knowledge of the jazz in Italy and an object does of it a little one except for stranger. Or rather, except for elitist, because the "numbers" of the festival (collections and presences) I am from show "to populate".
 

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IL PERUGINO

Pietro di Cristoforo Vannucci, Known like The Perugino or like Pietro Perugino (Town of the Pieve 1450 about – Fontignano 1523). It was an Italian painter and developed an activity above all in Umbria, Marks, Florence and Rome, sent off his works to Lucca, Cremona, Venice, Bologna, Ferrara, Milan and Mantua.

Melted together the light and the monumentalità of Piero of the Francesca with the naturalism and the logical manners of Andrea of the Verrocchio, filtrandoli across the kind manners of the Umbrian painting.

Biography Was born in 1450 about to Town of the Pieve. Its formation, after a first contact with the artistic reality perugina, avvenne, according to what writes Giorgio Vasari, with the study of the greater works of Piero of the Francesca, spread between Umbria, Marks and Tuscany.

In 1472 itself iscrisse to the Company of san Light to Florence and began the attendance of the shop of the Verrocchio.

You date to 1473 they are the eight tablets, provenienti from the oratory of San Bernardino, that formed, to groups of four, the side shutters of a niche with a statue of the Holy one. It is they came realized to more hands, but recognizes however the intervention of the Perugino in two tablets, the better qualitatively: that col Miracle of the born child dead and that with San Bernardino fixes a child. In it is the monumental architecture and decorated prevails on the small human figures, and the clear and clear light drift from Piero of the Francesca.

Of 1475 about it is the adoration of the Magicians, preserved to the National Arcade of the umbria of Perugia, proveniente from the Church of Holy Maria of the Servius, bound this ultima to the family Baglioni, in is stretched out to melt together is the language of Piero of the Francesca, proper riducendolo winning and colloquial is the linearismo of the Verocchio, depurandolo of its nervous strokes and.

Dated to 1476 it is the affresco detached, today in the Town Art Gallery of Deruta, with the Eternal Father with the holy Rocco and Roman.

In 1478 it works to the you fresco some parochial church of Cerqueto, in the crowds of Perugia, now remain alone fragments, in the San Sebastiano, to the use of the line, learned to Florence unites a clear illumination, been derived from Piero of the Francesca.

To this phase belong varied 'Virgins' spread in numerous European museums a lot of which for long time in past had been attributed to the Verrocchio. In all it is individualized a mixture of the flus to him transmitted from its two teachers.

It works in Rome from 1478, where it paints the abside of the hat of the chorus of the Basilica vatican for pope Sixtus IV, operates destroyed.

In 1481, it comes called always from the pontiff to fresco the false shovel d' altar in the back wall of the Hat Sistine Chapel, with the proposition and the pope knelt like customer, operates destroyed to make place to the Universal Judgment of Michelangelo together to other its two squares on the same wall, the Birth and the Finding of Mosè and the Nativity of Christ. From this moment until 1483 participates in the decoration of everything the Hat next to Sandro Barrel, Domenico Ghirlandaio, Cosimo Rosselli, Florentine artists called from Sixtus IV, for the Stories of Christ; on the wall right hand realizes the Delivery of the keys, leaving its contributor the Pinturicchio the accomplishment of the stages with the Journey of Mosè in Egypt and the Baptism of Christ. For these works the painters itself attennero to common representative conventions so as to to make resultant the homogenous work, that a common staircase dimensionale, a common rhythmic structure and a common representation paesaggistica; used besides, near to a sole chromatic range, the rifiniture in gold so as to to make to shine the paintings with the flashes of the twists and of the candles. Subsequently, with the dismissal of the Perugino, it was Light Signorelli to take it the place. In the affresco with the delivery the apostles and a crowd of characters are at the sides of the central group constituted from the Christ that delivers the two keys to san Pietro knelt. The stage is introduced in a large square with a temple to cry central to the center, symbol of the ebraismo, and two arcs of I triumph to the sides, symbol of the paganesimo and taken again from the arc of Costantino; in second plan the episodes of the payment of the tax are represented, to political left and to the right of the tempted stoning of Christ, to that it is reported the imminent enrolment: "CONTURBATIO IESU CHRISTI LEGISLATORIS". It is believed to recognize in the character on the right hand in slow first and with the black cap the alpine hut of the Perugino.

In 1485 for the big prestige of whom it enjoyed city fee of Perugia from that it was named its nickname. Its activity was frenetic in the last period of its life, until opened two shops is to Florence that to Perugia. His compositions calmed and solemn, ottennero a large success, as answered in the most adapted manner to the inner practices of display of the manuals of speech, diffusissimi to the end of the fifteenth century, these asked for like support images with figures and places not too much characterized, to allow the devoted one of to give he an I turn and a precise place to the sacred stage that visualized inside; this carried Indefinite introduced on backgrounds paesaggistici to the same indefinite manner, resulted emphasized from the use of a chromatic range rich but tinged.

For the town of Florence it performed, in 1493, the Madonna that appears to San Bernardo, preserved Monk to the High Pinakothek; in 1494 the I retract of Francesco of the Works, now to the Offices; in 1495 or in 1500 the tablet with Apollo and Dafni, preserved to the Louvre. This ultima is born from the cultural climate of the short neoplatonica creatosi around the Magnificent one, where the art is detached from the municipal life and folds on mythological and allegorical subject, usable alone from a public of specialists. The tablet in past was identified like an Apollo and Marsia, but more likely it is discussed of Dafni, that in Greek means Laurel, and has been therefore an allusion to the name of the customer Lorenzo and to its vocation to the limbs and to the music supported from Apollo. The figures, immersed in a landscape of quiet harmony, sweet are polished, and if the apollo itself rifà to the hermes of You It It, Dafni itself rifà to the ares of Lisippo. In 1495 it realizes the Lamented on Christ Dead, now to Palace Pitti; between 1495 and 1496 the Crocifissione to affresco in the church of Holy Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi; In 1500 the Shovel of Vallombrosa, now to the Offices, and between 1505 and 1507 the polittico of the announced now to the Arcade of the academy of Florence.

For Perugia performed, between the end of 1495 and 1496, the Shovel of the Decemviri, goddess so because realized on commission from the Decemviri of Perugia for the hat of the Public Palace. The cimasa with Christ in the sepulcher it is found to the National Arcade of the umbria to Perugia. In the table, to the center, it is the Madonna col Child in throne with to the sides the holy Lorenzo, Ludovico of Tolosa, Herculaneum and Costanzo. In 1496 entire the Polittico of San Pietro, operates split in 1591, later on to the destruction of the church: to the center was l' Ascent with the Virgin, the Apostles and Angels; like cimasa God in prides, in the platform the tables with l' Adoration of the Magicians, the Baptism of Christ, the Resurrection and two panels with the Holy patrons of Perugia. Finally, on the bases of the columns that they bordered l' Ascent were placed you are panels with Holy benedettini among which Holy san, holy Flavia and Calm san, these last three tablets preserved to the Museums Vatican; in 1498 lavorò to the decoration of the Room of the audience in the College of the Change to Perugia, cycle finished in 1500 with wide intervention of helps. The subject of the cycle is the agreement between wisdom pagana and Christian wisdom, you are afraid elaborated from the humanist Francesco Maturanzio. On the walls the Transfiguration they are represented, the Nativity, the eternal between angels above a group with prophets and sybils, The Prudence and the Justice above you are ancient wise men and The Stronghold and the Moderation above are ancient heroes, in the time between round arranges allegorie of the planets between decorations to grotesque, between 1510 and 1520 the Polittico of Sant' August and between 1503 and 1504 The hat of the Sant' Ring in Cathedral. Of these years is the friendship that stops young col painter Raffaello Sanzio.

For Isabella Gonzaga, realizes the Struggle between Love and Castità in 1505, table for the studio of the marchesa in the Castle of San Giorgio to Mantua.

Of 1508 it is the decoration of the time of the room of the fire of Borgo in Vatican, ordered from pope Giulio TWO, in four round the Holy Trinità, the Creator in throne between angels and what rubies are introduced, Christ like Sol Iustitiae and Christ tempted from the devil, Christ between the Pity and the Justice.

To leave from this date works to Perugia and in the environs with a progressive impoverishment of the style, and repeating his compositions of greater success.

It died in 1523 to Fontignano (fraction of the Commune of Perugia) where awn still buried and the funereal grave attracts tourists and loving some art from all of the world.

Opere

A Città della Pieve:

Adorazione dei Magi (1504) nell'Oratorio di Santa Maria dei Bianchi
Battesimo di Cristo e Madonna in Gloria e Santi nella cattedrale
Deposizione della Croce nella chiesa di Santa Maria dei Servi
Sant'Antonio Abate tra i Santi Marcello e Paolo Eremita nella chiesa di San Pietro

A Panicale:

Il martirio di San Sebastiano nella chiesa di San Sebastiano

A Caen:

Lo sposalizio della Vergine, al Musée des Beaux-Arts

A Roma:

Consegna delle chiavi a Pietro nella Cappella Sistina (Città del Vaticano)

A Firenze:

Pietà (1495) a Palazzo Pitti
Crocifissione (1496) nella chiesa Santa Maria Maddalena de' Pazzi

 

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PINTURICCHIO

Bernardino di Betto, said Pinturicchio  (Perugia 1454 about - Siena 1513), was an Italian painter student of the Perugino.

Biografia

Biography

You date to 1473 they are the two tablets with Stories of san Bernardino: the Recovery of the paralitico and Liberation of the captured one likely on mailing of the young Perugino, to that the Pinturicchio adds customs and elements picturesque paesistici. It participates in the decoration of the Hat Sistine Chapel in Rome, how helping some Perugino, performing you fresco him, planned from this last, with Journey of Mosè and Baptism of Christ.

In 1486 it performs you fresco him with Stories of san Bernardino in the Hat Bufalini of the Roman church of the aracoeli, successive I am fresco him some Hat of the Crib in Holy Maria of the People in Rome.

Between 1492 and 1494 performs the decoration of the apartment Borgia in Vatican, where prevails the flavor for a decoration overloads with gildings and grotesque, in these you fresco next to traditional subjects what Prophets, Sybils, Virtue and Liberal Limbs and Stages of the life of Christ, of Maria and of the Holy, come introduced motive paganeggianti, discuss from the mythology, turns to celebrate in allegorical manner the customer, Fritz Manner: "And yet it does not exist perhaps in this period not any other work in which the paganesimo and l' individual pride have been able to demonstrate itself with as much cleanliness than nell' apartment Borgia".

From 1495 it works to the Shovel of Holy Maria of the Trenches, in which it appears an its alpine hut.

In 1501 it frescoes with the Stories of Maria the hat Baglioni in Holy Greater Maria of I Skin.

From 1505 it works to the decoration of the Bookstore Piccolomini I press the Cathedral of Siena, with l' Coronation of Pious III and Stories of Pious TWO, for some of these been worth themselves some collaboration of the young Raffaello, its is the cardboard with the Departure of Enea Silvio Piccolomini for the council. In the mosaic pavimentale is the allegorical stage with The road of the Virtue, upwards is, between the ancient philosophers Socrates and Crates, that throws in sea gold and jewlery, the allegorical figure of the Wisdom, in lower part is the grip via of the Virtue, route from varied characters, on the right hand is the Luck, in unstable balance, with a foot on a sphere and one on a boat, characterized And from a sail, belonging to the tree broken some ship, on that leans a foot, and unhappy symbol of success.

In 1509 about it works to the you fresco some presbiterio of Holy Maria of the People in Rome.

It dies at Siena in 1513.

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